Glossary
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Contract -An agreement between two or more persons which creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing. A legally enforceable agreement between two or more competent parties made either orally or in writing.
Contributory negligence -The rule of law under which an act or omission of plaintiff is a contributing cause of injury and a bar to recovery.
Conveyance -Instrument transferring title of land for one person or group of persons to another.
Conviction -A judgment of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Corroborating evidence -Supplementary evidence that tends to strengthen or confirm the initial evidence.
Counsel -A legal adviser; a term used to refer to lawyers in a case.
Counterclaim -A claim made by the defendant in a civil lawsuit against the plaintiff. In essence, a counter lawsuit within a lawsuit.
Court -A body in government to which the administration of justice is delegated.
Court-appointed attorney -Attorney appointed by the court to represent a defendant, usually with respect to criminal charges and without the defendant having to pay for the representation.
Court costs -The expenses of prosecuting or defending a lawsuit, other than the attorney fees. An amount of money may be awarded to the successful party (and may be recoverable from the losing party) as reimbursement for court costs.
Court of original jurisdiction -A court where a matter is initiated and heard in the first instance; a trial court.
Court reporter - A person who transcribes by shorthand or stenographically takes down testimony during court proceedings, a deposition, or other trial-related proceeding.
Court rules - Regulations governing practice and procedure in the various courts.
Creditor -A person to whom a debt is owed by another.
Crime -An act in violation of the penal laws of a state or the United States. A positive or negative act in violation of penal law.
Criminal justice system - The network of courts and tribunals which deal with criminal law and its enforcement.
Cross-claim - A pleading which asserts a claim arising out of the same subject action as the original complaint against a co-party, i.e., one co-defendant cross claims against another co-defendant for contribution for any damages assessed against him.
Cross-examination - The questioning of a witness produced by the other side.
Cumulative sentences - Sentences for two or more crimes to run consecutively, rather than concurrently.
Custody - Detaining of a person by lawful process or authority to assure his or her appearance to any hearing; the jailing or imprisonment of a person convicted of a crime.
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